Al-Ma'idah

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

1. O you who believe in Allah, follow His Messenger and practice His laws, fulfil the firm promises of faith and practice that were made between you and your Creator. Also, fulfil the promises made with His creation in sale transactions, marriage, etc. Allah has permitted for you, out of His mercy, livestock animals (camels, cattle, sheep and goats), except those the prohibition of which have been read to you and the land game that He has prohibited you from in the state of sanctity during the pilgrimage of Hajj or Umrah.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

f] 120 verses, revealed after [surat] al-Fath. In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful: [5:1] Oyou who believe, fulfil your bonds, the covenants confirmed between you and God and [between you and other] people. Lawfid to you is the beaSt of the flocks, camels, cattle, and sheep [and goats], to eat after slaughtering [them], except that which is now being recited to you, as forbidden in [the verse below] Forbidden to you are carrion... [Q.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

2. O you who believe in Allah, follow His Messenger and practice His laws, do not violate the sanctity of those things that Allah has instructed you to honour. Stay away from those things that are prohibited when you are in the state of pilgrim sanctity, such as wearing your normal clothing, and those things that are prohibited within the Sanctuary, such as hunting. Do not regard fighting in the sacred months of Dhū Al-Qa‘dah, Dhū Al-Ḥijjah, Muḥarram and Rajab to be permissible. Do not violate the sacrificial animal by siezing it or preventing it from reaching its place of sacrifice.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

desires, in the way of making [things] lawful or otherwise, and there can be no objection thereto. [5:2] O you who believe, do not profane God’s sacraments (sha’air is the plural of sha’ira), that is, the [ritual] ceremonies of the religion, by hunting [game] while you are on pilgrimage, nor the sacred month, by fighting in it, nor the offering, that is, the boon offered in the [Meccan] Sanctuary, by interfer¬ ing with it, nor the garlands (qalaid, is the plural of qilada, and these, made from the trees around the Sanctuary, were placed around it [the offering] to protedt it), in other wo…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

3. Allah has forbidden you from eating those animals that die without being ritually slaughtered. He has also forbidden you from spilled blood; pig’s meat; an animal on which other than the name of Allah was taken at the time of slaughter; an animal that was strangled or beaten to death, or one that fell from a high place; or an animal that was gored by another animal and an animal that was hunted by a predator, such as a lion, tiger or wolf, unless you reach any of these animals while they are alive and you slaughter them – in which case they will be lawful for you.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

hment by being obedient to Him; surely God is severe in retribution, against those that oppose Him. [5:3] Forbidden to you is carrion, that is, the consumption of it, and blood, that is, what has been SJtilt, as mentioned in [surat] al-Anam [Q. 6:145], an d the flesh of swine, and what has been hallowed to other than God, in that it was sacrificed in the name of something other than Him, and the beaSt Strangled, to death, and the beaSt beaten down, to death, and the beaStfallen, from a height to its death, and the beaSt gored, to death by another, and what beaSls of prey have devoured, of…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

4. Your companions ask you, O Messenger, what Allah has permitted them to eat. Say, O Messenger: Allah has permitted you to eat any food that is pure and also what is hunted by trained animals that have canines, such as dogs, cheetahs, or birds that have talons such as falcons. These are animals that you train to hunt as Allah has blessed you with knowledge of its methods, such that they follow instructions and leave something when told to do so. You may eat any game caught by such animals, even if they kill them, as long as you take the name of Allah when releasing them.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

actively engaged in it, such as a waylayer or a criminal, for whom [such] consumption is forbidden. [5:4] They will ask you, O Muhammad (s), about what, food, is made lawful for them. Say: ‘The good, delicious, things are made lawful for you; and the, quarry of, hunting creatures, dogs, wildcats or birds that catch food, you have taught, training [them] as hounds ( mukallibin is a circumstantial qualifi¬ er, derived from kallabtu al-kalba, meaning, ‘I released the hound against the quarry’) teaching them (tu allimunahunna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subjedt of mukallibi…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

5. Today Allah has allowed you to eat those things that are wholesome, and the animals slaughtered by the Jews and Christians who are the People of the Scripture. He has also made lawful for them animals that you slaughter. He has permitted you to marry free, chaste women from the believers, as well as free, chaste women from the Jews and Christians who received scripture before you. This is if you give them their dowries and you are trying to stay away from committing an immoral action, such as adultery or fornication, by taking them as lovers.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

tion God’s name over it, when you unleash it. And fear God. Indeed, God is swift at the reckoning’. [5:5] Today the good, the delicious, things are permitted to you, and the food of those who were given the Scripture, that is, animals slaughtered by the Jews and Christians, is permitted to you, and permitted to them is your food.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

6. O you who believe in Allah, follow His Messenger and practice His laws, when you intend to stand up to offer the prayer and you are in the state of minor ritual impurity, then perform ablution by washing your faces and then your hands together with the elbows, then wiping your heads and finally washing your feet together with the ankles. If you are in the state of major ritual impurity, then take a full bath.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

for it, and in the Hereafter he shall be among the losers, if he dies in this State [of unbelief]. [5:6] O you who believe, when you Stand up, that is, when you intend to go, to pray, and you are in [a State of] ritual impurity, wash your faces, and your hands up to the elbows, that is, including them [the elbows], as is clarified in the Sunna; and wipe your heads (the ba in bi-ru’usikum is for ‘adherence’), that is to say, wipe over [the head] adhering [the hand] closely, without [excessive] water pouring over; the noun [ra’s, ‘head’] is generic, and so the minimum required to fulfil [th…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

7. Remember Allah’s favour upon you by guiding you to Islam and the promise He took from you when you said at the time of pledging allegiance to the Prophet (peace be upon him) to listen and follow in ease or difficulty: ‘We hear your words and we follow your instruction’. Be mindful of Allah by fulfilling His instructions, including His promises, and avoiding His prohibitions. Allah knows what is in the hearts and nothing is hidden from Him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rough Islam, by explaining the laws of the religion; so that you might give thanks, for His graces. [5:7] And remember God’s grace upon you, through Islam, and His covenant. His pledge, which He made. He bound, with you when you said, to the Prophet (s) upon pledging allegiance to him: ‘We hear and we obey’, all that you command and forbid, of what we love and what we demise. And fear God, in His covenant, leSt you break it. Surely God knows what is in the breafts, that is, what is in the hearts [of people], all the more reason for [Him to have knowledge of] other things.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

8. O you who believe in Allah and His Messenger and follow His laws, uphold Allah’s rights over you, seeking His pleasure. Be witnesses for justice and not for oppression. The hatred for a people should not make you leave justice: justice is a requirement with a friend, as well as with an enemy, so be just with both. Justice is closer to the fear of Allah, and oppression is closer to disrespect against Him. Be mindful of Allah by fulfilling His instructions and avoiding His prohibitions. Allah knows what you do. Nothing of your actions is hidden from Him and He will repay you accordingly.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

what is in the hearts [of people], all the more reason for [Him to have knowledge of] other things. [5:8] O you who believe, be upright before God, in [fulfilling] what is His due, witnesses in equity, in justice. Let not hatred of a people, namely, the disbelievers, cause you not to be juft, and to harm them on account of their enmity; be juft, towards both friend and foe, that, justice, is nearer to God-fearing.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

9. Allah has made a promise to those who have faith in Allah and His messengers of forgiveness for their sins and a great reward which is to enter into Paradise. Allah never fails His Promise.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

10. Those who disbelieve in Allah and reject His verses are the companions of the fire of Hell, which they will enter as a punishment for their disbelief and rejection. They will remain in the fire of Hell eternally, just as a companion remains with his companion.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

se. [5:10] And they who disbelieve and deny Our signs — they shall be the inhabitants of Hell-fire. [5:11] O you who believe, remember God’s favour upon you, when a people, namely, Quraysh, pur¬ posed to extend their hands againft you, in order to attack you, but He reftrained their hands from you, and protected you from what they intended to do to you; and fear God; and in God let the believ¬ ers put their truft.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

11. O you who believe in Allah and follow His Messenger, remember, with your hearts and tongues, the favours Allah has given you, such as safety and the placing of fear in the hearts of your enemies, when they intended to stretch their hands towards you in order to attack you. Allah turned them away from you and protected you from them. Be mindful of Allah by fulfilling His instructions and avoiding His prohibitions. Let the believers place their reliance in Allah alone, in order to achieve their religious and worldly interests.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

they who disbelieve and deny Our signs — they shall be the inhabitants of Hell-fire. [5:11] O you who believe, remember God’s favour upon you, when a people, namely, Quraysh, pur¬ posed to extend their hands againft you, in order to attack you, but He reftrained their hands from you, and protected you from what they intended to do to you; and fear God; and in God let the believ¬ ers put their truft.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

12. Allah had taken a firm promise from the Children of Israel, when He appointed over them twelve chiefs who were placed in authority over them. Allah said to the Israelites: I am with you- with my help and support if you establish the prayer in the complete manner, give Zakat from your wealth, accept all of my messengers without distinction, honour them, assist them and spend in good causes. If you do all of this, I will wipe out the sins you commit and I will enter you, on the Day of Judgement, into gardens with palaces overlooking flowing streams.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

from what they intended to do to you; and fear God; and in God let the believ¬ ers put their truft. [5:12] God had made a covenant with the Children of Israel, for what will be mentioned shortly, and We raised up (there is a shift of address away from the third [to the firsft] person) from among them twelve leaders, from each tribe one leader, to be responsible for his people’s fulfilment of the covenant, as a way of binding them [to it] . And God said, to them: ‘I am with you, helping and assisting.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

13. Because of their breaking the promise that was taken from them, I distanced them from My mercy and I made their hearts so hard that no good could enter them and no advice could be of any benefit to them. They distort the placing of words by replacing them with other words, and by interpreting them according to their desires. They also left out practicing some of what they were advised to do. You will continuously discover, O Messenger, their betrayal of Allah and His believing servants, with the exception of a few of them, who fulfil the promise taken from them.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

from the path to Paradise (al-sawa originally means ‘the middle way’). And they broke the covenant. [5:13] God says: So because (bi-ma, the ma is extra) of their breaking their covenant, We cursed them. We removed them from Our mercy, and made their hearts hard, unyielding to the acceptance of faith; they pervert words, pertaining to the descriptions of Muhammad (s) in the Torah and other things, from their contexts, those in which God has placed them, in other words, they substitute them; and they have forgotten, they have abandoned, a portion, a part, of what they were reminded of, [of…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

14. Just as I took a firm promise from the Jews, I also took a promise from those who declare themselves to be pure followers of Jesus (peace be upon him). They also left out practicing some of what they were advised to do, just as their predecessors from among the jews did. I then placed enmity and hatred between them and they began fighting and killing one another, each one declaring the other to be a disbeliever. Allah will inform them about what they used to do and will repay them for the same.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

them, and forgive; surely God loves the virtuous: this was abrogated by the ‘sword’ verse [Q. 9:5]. [5:14] And with those who say ‘We are Christians’ (this is semantically connected to [what follows]) We made a covenant, juSt as We did with the Children of Israel, the Jews, and they have forgotten a por¬ tion of that they were reminded of, in the GoSpel, pertaining to faith and other matters, and they [too] broke the covenant. So We have Stirred up.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

15. O People of the Scripture – referring to the Jews who had the Torah and the Christians who had the Gospel – My messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) has come to you to explain much of what you hide from the scripture revealed to you, and to overlook much of that in which there is no benefit besides disgracing you. The Qur’ān has come to you as a Book from Allah, which is a light to guide you and a Book that makes clear all of what people require for their worldly and religious affairs.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

nd God will assuredly tell them, in the Hereafter, of what they wrought, and requite them for this. [5:15] O People of the Scripture, Jews and Christians, now there has come to you Our Messenger, Muhammad (s), making clear to you much of what you used to conceal of the Scripture, the Torah and the GoSpel, such as the ‘Stoning’ verse and the description [of the Prophet Muhammad (s)], and pardon¬ ing much, of it, which he does not reveal, since this would not be of any benefit, serving only to disgrace you.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

16. By this Book, Allah guides the person who follows faith and does good actions, which please Him, to the paths of safety from Allah’s punishment. These are the paths that lead to Paradise. He removes them from the darkness of disbelief and disobedience to the light of faith and obedience, and He guides them to the straight path: the path of Islam.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

to you from God a light, namely, the Prophet (s), and a Book, a Qur’an, lucid, plain and manifest, [5:16] whereby, that is, the Book by which, God guides whoeverfollows His good pleasure, by believing, to the ways of peace, the paths of safety, and brings them forth from the shadows, [from] unbelief, into the light, [into] belief, by His leave, by His will, and He guides them to a Straight path, the religion of Islam. [5:17] They indeed are disbelievers those who say, ‘God is the Messiah, son of Mary’, insofar as they

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

17. Those Christians who say that ‘Allah is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary’ have committed disbelief. Say to them, O Messenger: Who is able to prevent Allah from destroying the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, as well as his mother and all of those on earth if He wishes to do so? If no one is able to stop Allah from this, it is a clear indication that there is no god but Allah and that all of those people – Jesus, son of Mary, his mother and all of creation – are all Allah’s creation. The dominion of the heavens and the earth, and whatever is between them, is Allah’s.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

18. Both the Jews and the Christians claimed: ‘We are Allah’s children and loved ones’. Say, O Messenger, in refutation of their claim: Why does Allah punish you for the sins you commit? If you were His loved ones, as you claim, He would not have punished you, by your being killed or disfigured in the world, and by means of the fire of Hell in the Afterlife, because He does not punish those He loves. Instead, you are just like all other human beings. If any of them do good, Allah will reward them with Paradise. If any of them do evil, He will punish them in the fire of Hell.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

d all that is between them. He creates what He will. God has power over everything, which He wills. [5:18] The Jews and Christians, both of them, say: ‘We are the sons of God, that is, [we are] like his sons in terms of closeness and rank, and He is like a father to us in terms of compassion and care, and His beloved ones’. Say, to them, O Muhammad (s): ‘Why then does He chaftise you for your sins?, if what you say is true. For, the father does not punish his son, nor the loving his beloved; but He has punished you, and therefore you are saying lies.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

19. O People of the Scripture, Jews and Christians, My messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) has come to you after a period when there were no messengers and when there was a real need for his mission, so that you do not say as an excuse, ‘No messenger came to us bringing good news of Allah’s reward nor any warning of His punishment’. Muhammad (peace be upon him) has come to you to give you good news of My reward and warn you of My punishment. I am able to do all things. Nothing is outside My ability.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ns and of the earth, and all that is between them; to Him is the journey’s end, the [final] return. [5:19] O People of the Scripture, there has verily come to you Our Messenger, Muhammad (s), making clear to you, the laws of religion, after an interval between the messengers, for there was no messenger between him and Jesus, an interval of 569 years; left you should say, if you are punished: ‘There has not come to us any bearer of good tidings (min bashir, the min is extra) nor any Warner’.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

20. Remember, O Messenger, when Moses said to his people, the Israelites, ‘O People, remember, with your hearts and tongues, Allah’s favour to you when He made prophets amongst you calling you to guidance, made you kings in control of your affairs after you were subjugated slaves, and gave you such favours that He had not given to any other people in your time’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

cuse. God has power over all things, including punishing you for not following him [the Messenger]. [5:20] And, mention, when Moses said to his people, ‘O my people, remember God’s favour to you, when He established among you, that is, from among you, prophets, and established you as kings, possessing servants and retinues, and gave you such as He had not given to any in all the worlds, in the way of manna and quails, the parting of the sea and other things. [5:21] O my people, enter the Holy, the purified, Land which God has ordained for you, [which] He commanded you to enter, and this…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

21. Moses said, ‘O People, enter the land that has been purified – Jerusalem and the surrounding area – which Allah has promised that you will enter, and fight the disbelievers in it. Do not become weak before the tyrants, because you will then end up as losers in the world and the Afterlife’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

22. His people said to him, ‘O Moses, in the Holy Land there is a powerful and mighty people and this is preventing us from entering it. We will not enter it as long as these people are there, because we do not have the ability to fight them. If they leave, we will go in’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ck inflight, [do not] retreat in fear of the enemy, or you will end up as losers’, in your efforts. [5:22] They said, ‘O Moses, there are giants in it, those remaining of the people of ‘Ad, who were very tall and mighty; we will never enter it until they depart from it; if they depart from it then we will enter’, it.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

23. Two men from the companions of Moses who feared Allah and were afraid of His punishment, whom Allah had blessed by enabling them to obey Him, urged their people to fulfil the instruction of Moses and said, ‘Enter the gate of the city against the tyrants. Once you go through the gate you will – by Allah’s permission – defeat them, as Allah’s custom is to give victory after the means of having faith and making preparation are adopted. Place your reliance and trust in Allah alone, if you truly have faith. Faith in Allah requires you to rely on Him’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

y; we will never enter it until they depart from it; if they depart from it then we will enter’, it. [5:23] There said, to them, two men of those who feared, contravening Gods command, and these were Joshua and Caleb — who were from among the leaders that Moses dispatched to bring back news of those giants — to whom God had been gracious, by making them virtuous, for they concealed what they had discovered about the giants, telling only Moses, unlike the other leaders, who divulged the news, and so the people became cowardly.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

24. The Children of Israel insisted on going against the instruction of their prophet, Moses, and said, ‘We will never enter the city as long as the tyrants are there. So you, O Moses, and your Lord go and fight the tyrants. We will remain sitting here and will not join you in the fight’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

f God’s assistance and the fulfilment of His promise. Put your truSt in God, if you are believers’. [5:24] They said, ‘O Moses, we will never enter it so long as they are in it. So go forth, you and your Lord, and fight, them, we will be sitting here’, away from the fighting. [5:25] He, Moses, thereupon, said, ‘My Lord, I control none but myself and my brother, and I control no one else to be able to force them to obedience. So separate, distinguish, us from the wicked folk’.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

25. Moses said to his Lord, ‘O Lord, I have no authority over anyone besides myself and my brother, Aaron. So separate us from those who do not obey You and Your messenger’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

26. Allah said to His Prophet Moses (peace be upon him), ‘Allah has forbidden entry into the Holy Land for the Israelites for a period of forty years, in which they will wander on earth aimlessly without direction. Do not grieve, O Moses, over those who do not follow Allah, because the punishment they receive is because of their sins’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

one else to be able to force them to obedience. So separate, distinguish, us from the wicked folk’. [5:26] He, God, exalted be He, said, to him: ‘Then it, the Holy Land, shall be forbidden them, to enter, for forty years; they shall wander loft, bewildered, in the land — according to Ibn ‘Abbas this [land] was about nine parasangs [sc. 30 miles]; so do not grieve for the wicked folk’. It is reported that they would travel throughout the night earnestly, but in the morning would find themselves back where they had Started.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

27. Relate with the truth O Messenger, to these Jews who are jealous and who do wrong, the incident of the two sons of Adam, Cain and Abel, When they both offered a sacrifice to gain closeness to Allah, Allah accepted the sacrifice offered by Abel because he was mindful of Him and did not accept the offering of Cain because he was not mindful of Allah.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

an, except for Joshua during those days in which he marched towards the Holy House [of Jerusalem]’. [5:27] And recite, O Muhammad (s), to them, your people, the dory, the tale, of the two sons of Adam, Abel and Cain, truthfully (bi’l-haqq is semantically connected to utlu, ‘recite’), how they each offered a sacrifice, to God, which in Abel’s case was a ram, and in Cain’s, some green crops, and it was accepted from one of them, namely, from Abel, when a fire came down from the heaven and consumed his offer¬ ing, and not accepted from the other, that is, from Cain, and so he became furious…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

28. If you lift your hand intending to kill me, I will not do the same as you. It is not because I am a coward, but because I fear Allah the Lord of all created things.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

‘Because only your offering was accepted’. The other said, ‘God accepts only from the God-fearing’. [5:28] ‘Yet if (la-in, the lam is for oaths) you extend your hand againd me to slay me, I will not extend my hand against you to slay you; I fear God, the Lord of the Worlds, in slaying you. [5:29] I desire that you should end up with my sin, the sin of slaying me, and your own sin, the one that you had committed before, and so become an inhabitant of the Fire, whereas I do not want to end up with your sin if I were to slay you, and become one of them.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

29. I want you to return with the sin of wrongly killing me, together with your previous sins, and become one of those who will enter the fire of Hell on the Day of Judgement and remain there. That is the reward of those who overstep the limits of Allah. I do not want to take on your crime and become one of the sinners.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

30. The evil prompting soul of Cain persuaded him to wrongly kill his brother, Abel. So he killed him and because of that he became one of those who are losers in this world and the Afterlife. He set a bad example and will therefore bear that burden, as well as the burden of any person who does the same until the Day of Judgement, without any reduction in the burden of those who imitate him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

slay you, and become one of them. God, exalted be He, says: that is the requital of the evildoers’. [5:30] Then his sold prompted him, it seduced him, to slay his brother, so he slew him and became one of the losers, by slaying him. And he did not know what to do with him, because he was the firSt of the Children of Adam to die on earth, and so he carried him on his back.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

31. Allah sent a crow to dig the earth in front of him to bury another dead crow and teach him how to cover his brother’s body. He then became regretful. Regret is the end result of those who commit sins.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ecause he was the firSt of the Children of Adam to die on earth, and so he carried him on his back. [5:31] Then God sent forth a raven, scratching into the earth, digging up the soil with its beak and with its legs and throwing it up over a dead raven next to it until it completely hid it, to show him how he might hide the nakedness, the carcass, of his brother. He said, ‘Woe to me! Am I not able to be as this raven, and so hide my brother’s nakedness?’ And he became one of the remorseful, for having carried him; he then dug [a hole] for him and covered him up.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

32. Due to Cain’s murder of his brother, I informed the Israelites that any person who kills another person for no valid reason – such as legal retribution or as punishment for causing corruption in the land by treason or waging war – it is as if he has killed all people, since he did not make a distinction between an innocent and a guilty person. Whoever refrains from killing a person whose soul I have made sacred, and regards it to be forbidden to kill such a person, it is as if he has given life to all people, because in such an action lies the safety of all people.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ame one of the remorseful, for having carried him; he then dug [a hole] for him and covered him up. [5:32] Because of that, which Cain did, We decreed for the Children of Israel that whoever slays a soul for other than a soul, slain, or for, other than, corruption, committed, in the land, in the way of unbelief, fornication or waylaying and the like, it shall be as if he had slain mankind altogether; and whoever saves the life of one, by refraining from slaying, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind — Ibn ‘Abbas said [that the above is meant] in the sense of violating and…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

33. The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and who challenge them by spreading corruption on earth though killing, looting and creating fear on the roads, is that they be killed, or crucified, or that they have their alternate hands and feet cut off, and if the offence is repeated the left hands and right feet are to be cut off, or they are to be exiled. Such punishment is a disgrace for them in the world; and in the Afterlife, they will receive a great punishment –

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

dill commit excesses in the land, overstepping the bounds through disbelief, killing and the like. [5:33] The following was revealed when the ‘Arniyyun came to Medina suffering from some illness, and the Prophet (s) gave them permission to go and drink from the camels’ urine and milk. Once they felt well they slew the Prophet’s shepherd and Stole the herd of camels: Truly the only requital of those who fight againd God and His Messenger, by fighting againSt Muslims, and haden about the earth to do cor¬ ruption there, by waylaying, is that they shall be slaughtered, or crucified, or have t…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

34. Except for those warmongers who repent before you, people of authority, get hold of them. Know, then, that Allah is Forgiving and Merciful towards them after they repent. Due to His mercy, He overlooks the punishment that is due to them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rld; and in the Hereafter theirs will be a great chastisement, namely, the chastisement of the Fire. [5:34] Except for such, warmongers and waylayers, as repent before you overpower them; for know that God is Forgiving, to them of what they have done, Merciful, to them. This [proviso] is expressed without any Statement to the effecft ‘do not submit them to prescribed legal punishment’, to point out that when such a person repents only God’s prescribed punishments ( hudud ) — and not those deriving from the rights of human beings — are waived. This is how I see it.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

35. O you who believe in Allah and follow His Messenger, be mindful of Allah by fulfilling His instructions and avoiding His prohibitions, search for a means of closeness to Him by doing what He instructs you to do and staying away from what He prohibits you from, and strive against the disbelievers for His pleasure so that you get what you desire and you are saved from what you fear.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

as been overpowered [by the authorities] — this is also the more sound of two opinions held by him. [5:35] O you who believe, fear God, fear His chastisement, by being obedient to Him, and seek the means to Him, that obedience which brings you closer to Him, and Struggle in His way, in order to elevate His religion; so that you might prosper, triumph. [5:36] Truly, as for the disbelievers, if they possessed, definitely, all that is in the earth, and the like of it with it, by which to ransom themselves from the chastisement of the Day of Resurrection, it would not be accepted from them;…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

36. Had those who disbelieve in Allah and His messengers owned everything in the earth and the likeness of it and gave all of that to ransom themselves from Allah’s punishment on the Day of Judgement, such ransom will not be accepted from them. And they will receive a painful punishment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

37. They will want to leave the fire of Hell after they enter it. But how can that happen? They will never come out of it. Instead, they will always remain in it and they will receive a continuous punishment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

38. As for those who are caught stealing, those in authority are to cut off the right hand of the male and female thief as a punishment from Allah for the crime of wrongfully taking people’s wealth, and to serve as a lesson and deterrent for them, as well as others. Allah is Mighty and nothing can overpower His decree. He is Wise in His decree and legislation.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rom the Fire, but they will not exit from it; theirs shall be a lasting, a perpetual, chastisement. [5:38] And the thieving male and the thieving female (the definite article in both [nouns] relates to the subject [sc. wa’lladhi saraqa wa’llati saraqat, ‘And the male who thieves and the female who thieves’]; because this [clause] resembles a conditional Statement [sc.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

39. Whoever repents to Allah from the crime of theft and sets right his action, then Allah, out of His grace, will accept His repentance. That is because Allah forgives the sins of those who repent to Him and is Merciful towards them. However if such a matter were to reach the court of law the legal punishment cannot be dismissed by repentance.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

punishment, for both of them, from God; God is Mighty, His way will prevail, Wise, in His creation. [5:39] But whoever repents after his evildoing, refrains from theft, and amends, his acftions, God will relent to him. God is indeed Forgiving, Merciful, in expressing what has been Stated. However, the rights of the vicftim to have the penalty of amputation carried out and his property restored are not [automati¬ cally] forgone after repentance.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

40. You, O Messenger, certainly know that the dominion of the heavens and the earth is Allah’s. He acts in them as He wishes. He punishes whomever He wishes through His justice; and forgives whomever He wishes through His grace. Allah is able to do all things and nothing is outside His ability.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

eing taken to the Imam is the [punishment of] amputation waived, and al-Shafi‘1 is of this opinion. [5:40] Do you not know (the interrogative here is meant as an affirmative) that to God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth? He chastises, him for, whom He wills, chastisement for, and forgives, him for, whom He wills, forgiveness, and God has power over all things, including chastising and forgiving.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

41. O Messenger, do not be made sad by those who rush to announce their disbelief of you and the revelation that you brought. These were the hypocrites who professed faith on the outside, but hid disbelief on the inside. They were also some Jews who eagerly listened to the lies of their leaders, who distort the truth having ignored you and have not come to you out of pride. They distort the words of Allah in the Torah and change it to suit their desires.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

whom He wills, forgiveness, and God has power over all things, including chastising and forgiving. [5:41] O Messenger, let them not grieve you, the acftions of, those who vie with one another in disbe¬ lief, falling headlong into it, in other words, they [who] manifest it at every opportunity, of (min here is explicative) such as say with their mouths, with their tongues (bi-alsinatihim is semantically connecfted to qalu, ‘[such] as say’), ‘We believe’ but their hearts do not believe, and these are the hypocrites; and from among those of Jewry, there is a folk, who listen to calumny, fabr…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

42. These Jews frequently listen to lies and consume unlawful wealth, such as usury. If they bring a case before you for judgement, O Messenger, then pass judgement between them if you wish, or leave off passing judgement if you so wish – you have the option of doing either of these. If you choose not to pass judgement, they will not be able to harm you in any way. If you do pass judgement, then do so with justice, even though they themselves are unfair and are your enemies. Allah loves those who are just in their judgements, even though the case is between those who are the judge’s enemies.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ng disgraced and subjected to th ejizya, and in the Hereafter theirs shall be a great chastisement. [5:42] They are, listeners to calumny and consumers of unlawful gain (read suhut or suht), that which is illicit, such as bribes. If they come to you, to judge between them, then judge between them or turn away from them: the [second] option given here was abrogated by His saying, So judge between them [to the end of] the verse [Q. 5:48]. Therefore, we [Muslims] are obliged to judge between them if they requeSt arbitration before us — and this is the more sound of al-ShaflTs two opinions.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

43. These people are strange. They disbelieve you, but come to you for judgement hoping that you will pass judgement in accordance with their desires, whereas they have the Torah with them, which they claim to have faith in and which contains Allah’s law. They, then, ignore your judgement when it does not suit their desires. So they have denied what is in their scripture as well as ignored your judgement. The action of such people is not that of people of faith and they therefore do not have faith in you and what you brought.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

juStly between them; God loves thejuSt, those that judge fairly, meaning that He will reward them. [5:43] But how is it that they make you their judge when they have the Torah, wherein is God’s judge¬ ment, of Stoning: the interrogative here is for [provoking] amazement, in other words, they were not seeking thereby [by making you their judge] to discover the truth but a lighter punishment for them; and then they turn away, [and then] they rejedt your ruling of Stoning, which accords with what is in their Scripture, after that, requeSt [to you] for arbitration? Such are not believers.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

44. I sent down the Torah to Moses (peace be upon him) containing guidance towards good and a light to make things clear. Judgement was given in accordance with it by the prophets of the Israelites, who had devoted themselves to following Me, as well as by the scholars who used to teach people because I had entrusted them with My book and made them guardians to preserve and protect it from distortion or change. They are witnesses that it is the truth and people refer to them with respect to it.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

h what is in their Scripture, after that, requeSt [to you] for arbitration? Such are not believers. [5:44] Surely We revealed the Torah, wherein is guidance, from error, and light, that is, an exposition of the rulings, by which the prophets, from the Children of Israel, who had submitted, [who] had been compliant before God, judged for those of Jewry, as did the rabbis, the scholars among them, and the prieSts, the jurists, according to, because of, that which they were bidden to observe, [that which] was entrusted to them, that is to say, [that which] God bid them to observe, of God’s S…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

45. I ordered the Jews in the Torah that if any person deliberately and wrongfully kills another he will be killed in retribution. If any person deliberately removes the eye of another person, his eye will be removed. If any person cuts the nose of another person, his nose will be cut. If any person cuts the ear of another person, his ear will be cut. If any person removes the tooth of another person, his tooth will be removed. I also ordered them with respect to wounds that the offender will be penalised with retribution for his offence.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

them. Whoever does not judge according to what God has revealed — such are the disbelievers, in it. [5:45] And therein, in the Torah, We prescribed. We made obligatory, for them that a life, be slain in return, for a life, if it has slain one; and an eye, should be gouged out, for an eye, and a nose, is to be cut off, for a nose, and an ear, is to be amputated, for an ear, and a tooth, should be pulled out, for a tooth (a variant reading has the laSt four [nouns] in the nominative); and for wounds (read wa’l-juruhu or wa’l-juruha ) retaliation, that is, the person is entitled to retaliate…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

46. After the prophets of the Israelites, I sent Jesus, son of Mary, as a believer in the Torah, giving judgement in accordance with it. I also gave him the Gospel that contained guidance to the truth and evidences to remove doubts and solve difficult cases of rulings: it corresponded to the Torah that came before it, except in a few rulings that it replaced. I made the Gospel a guide and a means to restrain people from doing that which was prohibited.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ding to what God has revealed, in the matter of retaliation and otherwise, those are the evildoers. [5:46] And We caused Jesus son of Mary to follow in their, that is, the prophets’, footsteps, confirming the Torah before him; and We gave to him the Gospel, wherein is guidance, from error, and light, an exposition of the rulings, confirming ( musaddiqan is a circumstantial qualifier) the Torah before it, the rulings contained therein, and as a guidance and an admonition to the God-fearing. [5:47] We said: So let the People of the Gospel judge according to what God has revealed therein, of

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

47. The Christians should believe in what Allah has revealed in the Gospel and they should judge in accordance with the truth it contains prior to the coming of Muhammad (peace be upon him). Whoever does not judge according to what Allah has sent down, then such people are the ones who do not follow Allah and leave the truth for falsehood.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

[5:47] We said: So let the People of the Gospel judge according to what God has revealed therein, of rulings (a variant reading of wa’l-yahkum, ‘let [them] judge’, is wa-li-yahkuma, making it a supplement to that which is governed by the previous verb [dtaynahu, ‘We gave to him’]). Whoever does not judge according to what God has revealed — those are the wicked.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

48. I sent down to you, O Messenger, the Qur’ān with the truth about which there is no doubt that it is from Allah. It is a confirmation and guardian for the revealed books that came before it. Whatever in those books conforms to it is the truth, and whatever does not is false. So judge between people according to what I have revealed to you in it and do not follow their desires which they have adopted in leaving the truth that has been revealed to you about which there is no doubt. I have made a sacred law and clear path for every nation.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

e gave to him’]). Whoever does not judge according to what God has revealed — those are the wicked. [5:48] And We have revealed to you, O Muhammad (s), the Book, the Qur’an, with the truth ( bi’l-haqq is semantically connected to anzalna, ‘We have revealed’) confirming the Book that was before it and watching over it, testifying [to it] — the ‘Book’ means the Scriptures.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

49. Judge between them, O Messenger, in accordance with what Allah has revealed to you! Do not follow their opinions that arise from following their desires. Be careful that they do not mislead you from some of what Allah has revealed to you. They will leave no stone unturned in an attempt to do just that. If they turn away from accepting judgement in accordance with what Allah has sent down to you, then know that Allah only intends to punish them for some of their sins in this world. In the Afterlife, He will punish them for all of their sins.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

t in which you differed, in the matter of religion, and requite each of you according to his deeds. [5:49] And judge between them according to what God has revealed, and do not follow their whims, and beware of them left they seduce you, [leSt] they lead you aStray, from part of what God has revealed to you.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

50. Do they ignore your judgement seeking the judgement of the idolaters from the period of ignorance who pass judgement according to their desires? In the sight of those who have conviction and who understand that which Allah has sent to His prophet, there can be no one better in judgement than Allah; but not in the sight of those who are ignorant and who only follow their desires, even though they may be false.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

esires] to requite them for all of their sins in the Hereafter; surely, many of mankind are wicked. [5:50] Do they desire ( yabghun, is also read tabghun, ‘[do] you desire?’), [do] they seek, the judgement of paganism, through their deceit and deviation when they turn away? (this is an interrogative meant as a disavowal). Yet who, that is, no one, is better in judgement than God for a people knowing. Him, with certainty? These [people] are singled out for mention because they are the ones who reflect.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

51. O you who believe in Allah and follow His Messenger, do not take the Jews and Christians as your allies and close friends whom you support. The Jews will only support those of their religion, and the Christians will do the same. Both groups will unite against you. Whoever from you takes them as friends is one of them. Allah does not guide those who do wrong by supporting the disbelievers.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

, with certainty? These [people] are singled out for mention because they are the ones who reflect. [5:51] O you who believe, do not take Jews and Chriftians as patrons, affiliating with them or showing them affecftion; they are patrons of each other, being united in disbelief. Whoever amongft you affiliates with them, he is one of them, counted with them. God does not guide the folk who do wrong, by affiliat¬ ing with disbelievers.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

52. You will see, O Messenger, those weak in faith rushing to become friends with the Jews and the Christians, saying, ‘We fear that these people will gain victory and when they come into power we will be harmed’. Perhaps Allah will give victory to the Messenger and the believers or bring something from Him that will crush the force of the Jews and their allies. Those who rush to befriend them will then regret the hypocrisy they kept hidden within their hearts, because the weak links they held on to will be for nothing.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

m, counted with them. God does not guide the folk who do wrong, by affiliat¬ ing with disbelievers. [5:52] And you see those in whose hearts is sickness, weakness of faith, the like of ‘Abd Allah b. Ubayy the hypocrite; vying with one another for them, to affiliate with them, saying, as an excuse for this: ‘We fear left we suffer a turn of fortune’, which time will bring round against us, such as drought or defeat, and that if Muhammad’s affair should come to nothing, they will cease to supply us with provisions.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

53. The believers will say in surprise at the condition of these hypocrites, ‘Are these the people who swore serious oaths that they were with you – O you who have faith – in faith, support and alliance?’ Their actions have gone to waste and they have become losers because they lost their true goal and because of the punishment prepared for them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

y kept secret within themselves, in the way of doubt and affiliating with disbelievers, remorseful. [5:53] And they say (read wa-yaqulu, or juSt yaqulu, to indicate a new [independent] sentence; or wa- yaqula as a supplement to what follows), those who believe, to one another in amazement, when their secrets are revealed: ‘Are these the ones who swore by God their moft earneft oaths, making the utmost effort thereby [to swear], that they were surely with you?, in religion.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

54. O you who believe in Allah and follow His Messenger, if anyone of you turns back from their religion to disbelief, then Allah will soon replace them with a people whom He will love and who will love Him due to their steadfastness. They will be compassionate towards the believers and harsh towards the disbelievers. They will strive with their wealth and their lives so that Allah’s word is victorious. They will not fear the one who blames them, because their concern will be Allah’s pleasure and blame rather than that of created things.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

p as, the losers’, in this world, through ignominy, and in the Hereafter, through their punishment. [5:54] O you who believe, whoever of you apoflatises (read either yartadid, with separation [of the two dal letters], or yartadd, with assimilation [of one of the dal letters with the other]), turns back, from his religion, to disbelief — this is a notification of what God knew would happen, for some of them aposta¬ tised upon the death of the Prophet (s) — God will assuredly bring, in their place, a people whom He loves and who love Him: the Prophet (s) said, ‘They are people like him’, an…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

55. The Jews, Christians and other disbelievers are not your friends. Your true friends and supporters are Allah, His Messenger and the believers who establish their prayers completely, give Zakat of their wealth and who are humble before Allah.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

56. Whoever becomes the friend of Allah, His Messenger and the believers by supporting them, then they will be from Allah’s party and Allah’s party will be victorious since Allah is their supporter.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ievers who establish prayer and pay the alms, bowing down, humble, or performing voluntary prayers. [5:56] Whoever affiliates to God and His Messenger and the believers. He will help them and assist them; for verily the party of God, they are the vidtors, because of His assistance to them (He has made this [hizb Allah, ‘the party of God’] to fall in the place of [an implied] fa-innahum, ‘for verily they’, as an explication, since they belong to His party, that is, [they] His followers).

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

57. O you who believe in Allah and follow His Messenger, do not become friends with those Jews and Christians who have received scripture, and those idolaters, all of whom poke fun at and play with your religion. Be mindful of Allah by avoiding becoming friends with those whom He has prohibited you from so doing, if you truly have faith in Him and in His revelation.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

or verily they’, as an explication, since they belong to His party, that is, [they] His followers). [5:57] O you who believe, do not take as patrons those who take your religion in mockery, [as some¬ thing] to be mocked, and as a game, from among (min is explicative) those who were given the Scripture before you and [from among] the disbelievers (read al-kuffdri or al-kuffara), the idolaters — and fear God, by refraining from affiliating with them, if you are believers, [if you are] truthful in your faith. [5:58] And, those who, when you make the call to prayer, take it, that is, the pray…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

58. They also poke fun and play when you call towards prayer, which is the greatest act of worship. That is because they are a nation who do not understand the meaning of worship of Allah and they do not understand the sacred laws that Allah has made.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

59. Say, O Messenger, to those of the People of the Scripture who mock at you: ‘Do you find any fault with us besides our faith in Allah and in what He revealed to us and what He revealed before us? And our belief that most of you do not follow Allah due to not having faith and not obeying His sacred law? What you consider a fault is actually a virtue’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

it among themselves; that, [mocking] attitude, is because they are a people who do not understand. [5:59] The following was revealed when the Jews said to the Prophet (s), ‘Whom among the messengers do you believe in?’, and he replied: in God and in that which has been revealed to us [Q. 2:136], and when he mentioned Jesus they said, ‘We know of no religion worse than yours!’ Say: ‘O People of the Scrip¬ ture, do you Spite, [do] you repudiate, us for any other cause than that we believe in God, and what has been revealed to us, and what was revealed, to the prophets, before, and that moSt…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

60. Say, O Messenger: Shall I tell you about those who are more at fault and whose punishment is worse than these people? They are their predecessors whom Allah has removed from His mercy, transformed into monkeys and pigs and made some of them worshippers of false gods. The Arabic word ţāghūt refers to any being that is worshipped besides Allah with its consent. Those mentioned will be in a worse position on the Day of Judgement and their efforts are further away from the straight path.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

equence of such [a refusal] — but in facft this [faith of ours] is not something to be repudiated’. [5:60] Say: ‘Shall I tell you, [shall] I inform you, of what is worse than, the followers of, that, about which you are spiteful, by way of reward, requital, from God? They are, those whom God has cursed, [whom] He has removed from His mercy, and with whom He is wroth, and some of whom He has turned into apes and swine, by transformation, and, those who, worship the false deity, Satan, by obeying him (the particle minhum, ‘some of whom, takes into account the [potentially plural] import of…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

61. When the hypocrites from amongst them come to you, O believers, on the outside they show that they have faith. The fact is that they were soaked in disbelief when they entered and when they left. Allah knows best about the disbelief they kept hidden, even though they gave the outer appearance of having faith. Allah will repay them for that.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

stray’, is intended to counter their saying, ‘We know of no religion worse [ sharrun ] than yours’. [5:61] When they, the hypocrites from among the Jews, come to you, they say, ‘We believe’; but they have entered, unto you ensconced, in disbelief, and so they have departed, from you ensconced, in it, and they have not believed. And God knows very well what they were hiding, of hypocrisy. [5:62] And you see many of them, namely, the Jews, vying, falling headlong, in sin, in calumny, and en-

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

62. You, O Messenger, see many of the Jews and hypocrites rushing towards committing sins, such as lying, oppression and consuming that which is unlawful. How evil is their behaviour!

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

63. Why do their leaders and scholars not prohibit them from the lying, false testimony and wrongful consumption of the wealth of people that they rush towards? This action of their leaders and scholars, who do not prohibit them from evil, is wrong.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

64. When the Jews were faced with difficulty and drought, they said, ‘Allah’s Hand is restrained from giving goodness and gifts. He is holding back from us what He has’. Their hands were restrained from doing goodness and they were removed from Allah’s mercy because of this statement of theirs. But in fact Allah’s Hands are wide open in goodness and generosity. He spends as He wills. He gives and He withholds. No one can stop Him or force Him. That which has been revealed to you, O Messenger, only increases the Jews in disobedience and disbelief because of their envy.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

and consuming unlawful gain? Evil is what they have been doing, in refraining from forbidding them. [5:64] The Jews said, when their circumstances became Straitened, on account of their denial of the Prophet (s), after having been the wealthiest of people: ‘God’s hand is fettered’, withholding the sending forth of provision upon us — this was their metaphor for niggardliness — may God be exalted above this. God, exalted be He, says: Fettered be, withheld be, their hands, from the performance of good deeds, as an invocation againSt them; and they are cursed for what they have said.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

65. If the Jews and the Christians accepted what was brought by Muhammad (peace be upon him) and were mindful of Allah by leaving sins, I would have forgiven the sins they committed, even if they were many, and I would have entered them on the Day of Judgement into gardens of delight, in which they would enjoy delights that will never end.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

through acfts of disobedience, and God does not love corrupters, meaning that He will punish them. [5:65] But had the People of the Scripture believed, in Muhammad (s), and feared unbelief, We woidd have absolved them of their evil deeds and We would admitted them to Gardens of Bliss.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

66. If the Jews had practiced what was in the Torah, and the Christians practiced what was in the Gospel, and if all of them had practiced what was revealed to them in the Qur’ān, then I would have made the means of provision easy for them by sending down rain and growing vegetation. From amongst the People of the Scripture are those who are moderate and firm on the truth; but the actions of many of them are evil, because they do not have faith in what was brought by Muhammad (peace be upon him).

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ef, We woidd have absolved them of their evil deeds and We would admitted them to Gardens of Bliss. [5:66] And had they observed the Torah and the Gofpel, by implementing what is in them, including believing in the Prophet (s), and what was revealed to them, of scriptures, from their Lord, they woidd surely have received nourishment from above them and from beneath their feet, by their being given provision in abundance, with it pouring forth from every place.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

67. O Messenger, communicate what has been revealed to you from your Lord completely and do not hide anything of it. If you do hide anything, then you are not one who conveys the message of His Lord. The Prophet (peace be upon him) communicated everything he was instructed to. Anyone who claims anything to the contrary has spoken a great lie about Allah. Allah will protect you from people and they will not be able to harm you. Your duty is only to communicate the divine message. Allah will not bless with guidance those who disbelieve and who have no desire to be guided.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

s of ‘Abd Allah b. Salam and his companions; but many of them — evil is that, thing, which they do. [5:67] O Messenger, make known, all of, that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, and do not conceal any of it out of fear that you may suffer some harm; for if you do not, that is, if you do not make known all of what has been revealed to you, you will not have conveyed His Message (risalatahu, or read plural, risalatihi, ‘His Messages’) since to conceal some of it is to conceal it all. God will protect you from people, who may try to kill you.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

68. Say, O Messenger: You – Jews and Christians – have no religious basis, unless you practice what is in the Torah and the Gospel and practice the Qur’ān that has been revealed to you. Your faith is not valid until you have faith in it and practice it. That which has been revealed to you from your Lord will increase the disobedience and disbelief of many of the People of the Scripture because of their envy. So do not be sad over these disbelievers: In the believers who follow you there is sufficient goodness.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

Depart, for God protects me now’, as reported by al-Hakim. God does not guide the unbelieving folk. [5:68] Say: ‘O People of the Scripture, you have no basis, in religion, on which to rely, until you ob¬ serve the Torah and the Gofpel and what was revealed to you from your Lord’, by implementing what is therein, including believing in me [Muhammad (s)].…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

69. The believers in Muhammad, and the Jews, Sabians and Christians before Muhammad – whichever of them believes Allah and the Last Day and does good actions – they will have no fear for the future and will not be sad over that which they missed in the worldly life.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

he disbelieving folk, if they do not believe in you, in other words, do not be concerned with them. [5:69] Surely those who believe and those of Jewry ([this constitutes] the subject of the clause), namely, the Jews, and the Sabaeans, a secft among them, and the Chriftians (and [what follows] substitutes for the [above] subjecft): whoever, of them, believes in God and the La ft Day and behaves righteously — no fear shall befall them, neither shall they grieve, in the Hereafter (this [fa-la khawfun ‘alayhim wa-la hum yahzanun, ‘no fear shall befall them, neither shall they grieve’] is the…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

70. I took firm promises from the Israelites that they will listen and follow. But they broke their promises and followed their desires by ignoring what their messengers brought and by disbelieving some and murdering others.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

te of the subjecft and also indicates the predicate of [the clause beginning with] inna, ‘surely’). [5:70] And We made a covenant with the Children of Israel, to believe in God and His messengers, and We sent messengers to them. Every time a messenger came to them, from among them, with what their souls did not desire, in the way of truth, they denied it; some, of them, they denied, and some, of them, they slay, such as Zachariah and John (the use of [the present tense] yaqtulun, ‘they slay’, instead of [the perfect tense] qatalu is to narrate paSt events [as if in the present] and to con…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

71. They thought that no harm would come to them for their breaking promises and covenants and for disbelieving and killing their prophets. But the result of their actions was that they became blind and deaf to the truth and misled from guidance. Then Allah turned towards them out of His grace. They again then became blind and deaf to the truth. This happened to many of them. Allah sees what they do. Nothing is hidden from Him and He will repay them for their actions.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

paSt events [as if in the present] and to conclude [in harmony with] the end-rhyme of the verses). [5:71] And they thought, they presumed that, there would be no (read as an la takunu, where an has been softened; or read an la takuna, where it [an] requires a [following] subjunctive, that is to say, ‘that there would [not] befall [them]’) trial, a punishment against them, for their denial of the messengers and their slaying of them; and so they were wilfully blind, to the truth and could not see it, and deaf, [unable] to hear it.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

72. The Christians who say that ‘Allah is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary’ have committed disbelief, as they have attributed Lordship to someone other than Allah. The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, himself said to them, ‘O Israelites, worship Allah alone. He is my Lord and your Lord. We are all His servants’. Whoever ascribes anything as a partner to Allah, then Allah will not allow them to ever enter Paradise and their place will be the fire of Hell. They will have no one to help or assist them before Allah and no one to save them from the punishment that awaits them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

stitutes for the [third] person [‘they’]); and God sees what they do, and will requite them for it. [5:72] They indeed are disbelievers those who say, ‘Indeed God is the Messiah, son of Mary’ (a similar verse has preceded [Q. 5:17]). For the Messiah said, to them, ‘O Children of Israel, worship God, my Lord and your Lord, for, I am a servant and not a god.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

73. The Christians who say that ‘Allah is part of the Trinity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit’ have committed disbelief. Allah is far above such a statement. Allah is not many, but He is only One God Who has no partner. If they do not stop saying such things, a painful punishment will afflict them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

a min, the min is extra) there shall be no helpers’, to guard them against the chastisement of God. [5:73] They are indeed disbelievers those who say, ‘God is the third of three’, gods, that is, He is one of them, the other two being Jesus and his mother, and they [who claim this] are a Christian secft; when there is no god but the One God.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

74. Will these people not retract this statement, repent to Allah and ask His forgiveness for the idolatry they committed? Allah is Forgiving towards the one who repents, whatever may have been the sin, even if it was disbelief. Allah is Compassionate to the believers.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

75. The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a messenger like other messengers. Just as death occurs to other messengers, it will occur to him as well. His mother, Mary, was a truthful and sincere woman. Both of them were in need of and used to consume food. How can they be gods when they were in need of food? Look, O Messenger, and think about how I make clear to them the signs indicating My Oneness and the falsehood of their extremism in attributing Lordship to others besides Me. Despite this, they do not recognise these signs.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ter¬ rogative is intended as a rebuke); God is Forgiving, to the one who repents, Merciful, to him. [5:75] 77 ie Messiah, son of Mary, was only a messenger; messengers passed away before him, and so he passed away like them, for he is not a god as they claim, otherwise he would not have passed away; his mother was a truthful woman, [siddiqa means] extremely truthful; they both used to eat food, like all other human beings, and one who is such cannot be a god because of his compound being and fallible nature, and because of the [impurities such as] urine and excrement that he produces.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

76. Say, O Messenger, as an argument against their worship of others besides Allah: Do you worship that which can bring you no benefit and which cannot protect you from any harm? Such a god is in reality very weak! Whilst Allah is High above any state of weakness. Allah alone is the One Who hears your statements and knows your actions. Nothing remains hidden from Him and He will repay you accordingly.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

y are turned away!, [how] they are turned away from the truth deSJiite the proof being established. [5:76] Say: ‘Do you worship besides God, that is, other than Him, what cannot hurt or profit you? God is the Hearer, of your sayings, the Knower’, of your circumstances (the interrogative is meant as a disa¬ vowal) .

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

77. Say, O Messenger, to the Christians: Do not overstep the boundaries of the instruction you were given to follow the truth. Do not be excessive in reverence of those whom you were instructed to revere, such as prophets, regarding them to be divine as you have done with respect to Jesus, son of Mary. You did this because of following your predecessors who were astray, who led many other people astray and who were far from the path of truth.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

of your sayings, the Knower’, of your circumstances (the interrogative is meant as a disa¬ vowal) . [5:77] Say: ‘O People of the Scripture, Jews and Christians, do not go to extremes, do [not] overStep the bounds, in your religion, other than those, extremes, of truth, neither lowering nor elevating Jesus above his proper place, and do not follow the whims of a people who went aftrayformerly, on account of their extremism — these were their forefathers — and have led many, [other] people, aftray, and ftrayed from the even way’, from the path of truth (al-sawa’ originally means ‘middle’).

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

78. Allah, may He be glorified, tells us that He distanced the disbelievers of the Israelites from His mercy in the scripture He revealed to David, namely the Psalms, and in the scripture He revealed to Jesus, son of Mary, namely the Gospel. He did this because of the sins they committed and due to their violation of the things Allah made sacred.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ftray, and ftrayed from the even way’, from the path of truth (al-sawa’ originally means ‘middle’). [5:78] Cursed were the disbelievers of the Children of Israel by the tongue of David, when he invoked God againSt them and they were transformed into apes — these were the people of Eilat — and by Jesus, son of Mary, when he invoked God againSt them and they were transformed into pigs — they were the ones [who ate] at the Table [cf. Q.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

79. They did not forbid the sinner from amongst them from committing sin. Instead, the sinners used to commit sins and evil openly because no one would disapprove of it. How evil was the action of not forbidding the evil that they used to do!

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

80. You will see, O Messenger, many of the disbelieving Jews forming alliances with the idolators and opposing you and those who believe in Allah’s oneness. How evil is their action of taking disbelievers as allies! This will cause Allah’s anger and lead them into the Fire, where they will live eternally, never to leave.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

cy that they committed; verily evil was what they used to do, [verily evil] was this deed of theirs. [5:80] You, O Muhammad (s), see many of them affiliating with those who disbelieve, from among the Meccans, out of Spite for you. Evil is that, in the way of deeds, which their souls have offered on their behalf, for [the day of] their inevitable return, such that God is wroth with them and in the chastisement they shall abide. [5:81] Yet had they believed in God and the Prophet, Muhammad (s), and what has been revealed to him, they would not have affiliated with them, namely, [with] the d…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

81. If these Jews had true faith in Allah and His Prophet, they would not have taken the idolaters as their allies instead of the believers, because they were prohibited from taking disbelievers as friends. But most of these Jews do not obey Allah nor do they side with Him and the believers.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

82. You will find, O Messenger, that the people with the most hostility towards those who have faith in you and that which you brought are the Jews, due to their malice, jealousy and pride, as well as the idol worshippers and others who associate partners with Allah. You will also find that the people who are closest in affection to those who have faith in you and that which you brought are those who call themselves Christians.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

with them, namely, [with] the disbelievers; but many of them are wicked, rebellious against faith. [5:82] You, O Muhammad (s), will truly find the moil hostile of people to those who believe to be the Jews and the idolaters, of Mecca, because of the intensity of their disbelief, ignorance and utter preoc¬ cupation with following whims; and you will truly find the nearest of them in love to those who believe to be those who say ‘Verily, we are Christians’; that, nearness of theirs in love to the believers is, because some of them are prieSts, scholars, and monks, devout worshippers, and be…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

83. The hearts of these Christians are soft. When they listen to any part of the Qur’ān that has been revealed, they cry in submission, because they recognise that it is the truth because of their knowing that which Jesus (peace be with him) brought. They say: Our Lord, we accept what You have revealed to Your Messenger, Muhammad (peace be upon him). So record us, Our Lord, among those of the nation who will be witnesses against people on the Day of Rising.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rs, and because they are not disdain¬ ful, of following the truth, as the Jews and the Meccans are. [5:83] This [verse] was revealed when the Negus’s delegation from Abyssinia came to him (s): when the Prophet (s) recited surat Yd Sin, they cried and submitted [to Islam], saying, ‘How similar this is to what used to be revealed to Jesus!’ God, exalted be He, says: And when they hear what has been revealed to the Messenger, of the Qur’an, you see their eyes overflow with tears because of what they recognise of the truth.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

84. What prevents us from having faith in Allah and the truth that He has revealed to Muhammad (peace be upon him)? We hope that we will enter Paradise together with the prophets and their followers who obeyed Allah and feared His punishment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

nd your Book, so in¬ scribe us among the witnesses, those who affirm their acceptance of the truth. [5:84] And, in response to those Jews who reviled them for their Islam, they would say: why should we not believe in God and what has come to us of the truth, the Qur’an, that is to say, there is nothing to prevent us from faith when its prerequisites are present; and hope ( natmau is a supplement to nu’minu, ‘we believe’) that our Lord should admit us with the righteous people?’, the believers, into Paradise? [5:85] God, exalted be He, says: So God has rewarded them for what they have said…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

85. Allah rewarded them for their faith and their acceptance of the truth with gardens that have palaces and trees overlooking flowing streams, where they will live eternally. That is the reward of those who do good by following the truth and submitting to it, without any restriction or condition.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

86. Those who disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger, and reject the verses Allah revealed to His Messenger, they are the companions of the Fire, which they will enter and never leave.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rivers flow, wherein they will abide; that is the requital of those who are virtuous, by believing. [5:86] But those who disbelieve and deny Our signs — they are the inhabitants of Hell-fire. [5:87] When a number of Companions resolved to practise faffing and night vigil continuously, and to abstain from women, perfume, consumption of meat, and sleeping on beds, the following was revealed: O you who believe, do not forbid the good things that God has made lawful for you and do not trans¬ gress, do [not] exceed God’s command; God does not love transgressors.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

87. O you who have faith in Allah and follow His Messenger, do not regard as unlawful the good food, drink and women that Allah has made lawful for you. Do not treat these things as unlawful in an attempt to practise asceticism and devotion. Do not overstep the limits of that which Allah has forbidden to you, because Allah does not love those who overstep His limits; rather, He hates them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

88. Consume the lawful and pure things that Allah gives to you from His provision. But do not consume the unlawful, such as something that is taken wrongfully or is impure. Be mindful of Allah by obeying His instructions and avoiding His prohibitions, because He is the one you have faith in and it requires you to be mindful of Him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ul for you and do not trans¬ gress, do [not] exceed God’s command; God does not love transgressors. [5:88] And eat of the lawful and good food which God has provided you ( halalan tayyiban, ‘lawful and good food’, is the direcft objedt and the preceding genitive construction [mimma, ‘of... which’] is a cir¬ cumstantial qualifier connected to the former); and fear God, in Whom you are believers.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

89. Allah will not take you to account, O believers, for the oaths that you speak unintentionally. He will take you to account for those oaths that you break after making them with a firm intention in your hearts. The atonement for such oaths is one of three options: feeding ten poor people with the average food of your city, by giving each poor person half a ṣā‘ of food; or clothing them with what society considers to be a suit of clothing; or freeing a believing slave.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

is a cir¬ cumstantial qualifier connected to the former); and fear God, in Whom you are believers. [5:89] God will not take you to task for a slip, contained, in your oaths, which is what the tongue ut¬ ters Spontaneously, without intending to swear an oath, such as when one says, ‘No, by God’, or ‘Yes, by God’; but He will take you to task for that to which you have pledged (read ‘aqadtum, ‘aqqadttum or ‘aqadttum ) oaths, where you have sworn an oath intentionally; the expiation thereof, of the oath if you break it, is the feeding often of the needy, for each needy person one mudd measur…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

90. O you who have faith in Allah and follow His Messenger, intoxicants that affect the mind, gambling with a consideration from both sides, stone alters on which the idolaters offer sacrifices or which they erect for worship, and arrows by which they used to draw lots – these are all acts of sin that Satan has made attractive. Avoid such acts, so that you successfully achieve the Paradise that you desire and are saved from the Fire that you fear.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

s been mentioned, God makes clear to you His signs, so that you might be thankful, to Him for this. [5:90] O you who believe, verily wine, that intoxicates and overcomes the mind, and games of chance, gambling, and idols, and divinatory arrows are an abomination, an evil deemed vile, of Satan’s work, which he adorns; so avoid it, this abomination consisting of the things mentioned, do not do it; so that you might prosper.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

91. By making alcohol and gambling seem attractive, Satan’s only intention is to create hatred between hearts and to turn them away from Allah’s remembrance and from the prayer. Will you, O believers, leave these evil acts? Without doubt, leaving these acts is the right thing to do, so avoid them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

d it, this abomination consisting of the things mentioned, do not do it; so that you might prosper. [5:91] Satan desires only to precipitate enmity and hatred between you through wine and games of chance, when you partake of them, because of the evil and discord that result therefrom; and to bar you, by your being preoccupied with them, from the remembrance of God and from prayer — He has Specifically mentioned it [prayer] so as to magnify it.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

92. Follow God and follow the Messenger by fulfilling the instructions of the Sacred Law and avoiding its prohibitions. Be careful of breaking the law. If you turn away from this, know that the duty of Messenger is only to convey to you what God has instructed him to, and He has already done so. If you come on to the right path it is for your own good. If you do wrong it will be to your detriment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

93. There is no sin on those who have faith in Allah, and do good actions to gain closeness to Him, for drinking alcohol before it was made unlawful, as long as they now stay away from it, being mindful of Allah’s anger, having faith in Him and doing good actions, and then increase in their awareness of Allah until they worship Him as if they see Him. Allah loves those who worship Him as if they see Him, because they are aware that Allah is always watching them. This leads believers to improve their actions.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

er’s duty is only to proclaim plainly, to convey clearly [the Message] — your requital falls on Us. [5:93] Those who believe and perform righteous deeds are not at fault in what they may have con¬ sumed, of wine and [indulged in] of gambling before the prohibition, so long as they fear, the forbidden things, and believed and performed righteous deeds, and then were God-fearing and believed, [and then] adhered to fear of God and belief, and then were God-fearing and virtuous, in deeds; God loves the virtuous, meaning that He will reward them.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

94. O you who have faith in Allah and follow His Messenger, Allah will certainly test you by giving you land game when you are in the state of Ihram. You will be able to hold the smaller game with your hands and the bigger ones with your spears. Allah will do this to show who fears his Creator, without having seen Him. Reward and punishment in the Afterlife will be based on people’s actions. Nothing is hidden from Allah.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

were God-fearing and virtuous, in deeds; God loves the virtuous, meaning that He will reward them. [5:94] O you who believe, God will surely try you. He will surely teSt you, with some game, which He releases to you, the smaller of, which will be caught by your hands and, the larger of which by, your lances-, this was in [the plain of] al-Hudaybiyya; while they were in [the State of] pilgrimage inviolability, beaSts and birds would flock to their caravans; so that God may know, through knowledge outwardly manifested, who fears Him in the Unseen ( bi’l-ghayb is a circumstantial qualifier),…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

95. O you who accept God and practise on His laws, do not kill land game when you are in the state of pilgrim sanctity for Hajj or Umra. Whoever of you does so deliberately shall be liable for a punishment equivalent to the game they killed from camels, cattle or sheep. This will be judged by two men who are known to be upright amongst the Muslims. The animal that they decide shall be treated as an offering is treated, and shall be sent to Makkah to be slaughtered in the Sanctuary.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

esses thereafter, after that prohibition againSt it, and hunts, his shall be a painful chastisement. [5:95] O you who believe, do not slay game while you are in the State of pilgrimage inviolability, for the h ajj or the ‘umra; whoever of you slays it wilfully, then the compensation shall be (read fa-jazaun, ‘then the compensation [shall be]’, followed by a nominative [mithlu, ‘the like of’]) that is to say, a compensa¬ tion is incumbent on him, and that is, the equivalent of what he has slain, of flocks, in other words, a similar creature (a variant reading has an annexation construction…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

96. Allah has permitted you to catch aquatic animals and what the sea throws out, dead or alive, as a benefit for a resident or to nourish a traveller. He has prohibited hunting land game as long as you are in the state of Ihram for Hajj or Umrah. Be mindful of Allah by carrying out His instructions and avoiding His prohibitions. You will return to Him on the Day of Rising; and He will repay your actions.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

uded with intentional slaying in what has been mentioned [of required compensation or expiation]. 4 [5:96] Permitted to you, O people, be you in pilgrimage inviolability or not, is the game of the sea, for consumption, and it is what can only live in the sea, such as fish, but not what is able to live both in the sea and on land, such as crabs; and food from it, what it casts out that is dead, is a provision for you, for you to consume, and for the wayfarers, the travellers among you, to take as their provisions; but forbid¬ den to you is the hunting of game on the land, and this consists…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

97. Allah has made the Kaaba, the Sanctified House, an establishment for people, which secures their religious interests (such as prayer, Hajj and Umrah) and their worldly interests (such as security in the Sanctuary and the import of different fruits). He has also made the sacred months (Dhū Al-Qa‘dah, Dhū Al-Ḥijjah, Muḥarram and Rajab) an establishment for people in that they are secure in these months from anyone fighting against them.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

olability to consume it, as is clarified in the Sunna; and fear God, to whom you shall be gathered. [5:97] God has appointed the Ka c ba, the Sacred, inviolable, House as an [enduring] inttitution for mankind, [an institution] by which their religious affair is sustained, through pilgrimage to it, as is their this-worldly [affair], on account of the security [guaranteed] for those who enter it and the fad that they are not interfered with, and because all manner of fruits are brought to it (a variant reading [for qiyaman ] has qiyaman, ‘[always] Standing’, as the verbal noun from [1 41 fo…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

98. Know, O people, that Allah’s punishment for those who go against Him is severe; and that He is Forgiving and Compassionate towards those who repent to Him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

h things came to pass, testifies to His knowledge of all that is in existence and all that will be. [5:98] Know that God is severe in punishment, of His enemies, and that God is Forgiving, to His friends, Mercifid, to them. [5:99] The duty of the Messenger is only to convey [the Message], to you; and God knows what you reveal, what deeds you manifest, and what you hide, and what of these you conceal, and He will requite you for it. [5:100] Say: ‘The evil, the unlawful, and the good, the lawful, are not equal, even though the abundance of the evil attratt you.’ So fear God, in avoiding i…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

99. The duty of the Messenger is only to convey what Allah has instructed him to. It is not his duty to make people accept the guidance: that is only in Allah’s Hands. Allah knows what you reveal and what you keep hidden, whether guidance or misguidance, and He will repay your actions.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

100. Say, O Messenger: Bad is not the same as good, even if the bad is a large amount that impresses you. A large amount of something does not mean that it is best. Be mindful of Allah, O people of intellect, by leaving the bad and doing the good, so that you successfully achieve Paradise and are saved from the fire of Hell.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

101. O you who have faith in Allah, follow His Messenger and practise His laws, do not ask your Messenger about things which you do not in need, and which will not be of any help to you in your religion. If you were told of such things, they would upset you because of the difficulty in them. If, despite the prohibition, you ask about these things, then know that revelation is coming down to the Prophet and they will be made clear to you. That is easy for Allah. Allah has not said certain things in the Qur’ān, so do not ask about them.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

vil attratt you.’ So fear God, in avoiding it, O people of pith, so that you might prosper, triumph. [5:101] The following was revealed when they began to ask the Prophet (s) too many questions: O you who believe, do not ask about things which, if disclosed to you, [if] revealed, would trouble you, be¬ cause of the hardship that would ensue from them; yet if you ask about them while the Qur’an is being

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

102. A nation before you had asked about things not initially revealed to them. When they were then commanded to do them, they did not carry out the order; and became disbelievers as a result.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

103. Allah has made livestock lawful for you to consume. He has not made unlawful what the idolaters declared unlawful for themselves when dedicating them to their idols, such as: baḥīrah, a she-camel whose ear is cut after it gives birth to a certain number; or sā’ibah, a she-camel that is left for the idols after it reaches a certain age; or waṣīlah, a she-camel that gives birth to one female after another; or ḥāmī, a male camel stud that mates with other camels and produces a given number of offspring.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

s of the rules concerning them; and then they disbelieved in them, by neglecting to implement them. [5:103] God has not ordained. He has not stipulated [in His Law], anything such as a Bahira, a Sd’iba, a Wasila or a Ham, in the way that people did at the time of paganism. Al-Bukharl reported [in a hadith ] from Sa'Id b.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

104. When it is said to these people who make up lies about Allah, with respect to forbidding certain livestock: Come towards the Qur’ān that Allah revealed and to the path of the Messenger (peace be upon him), so that you can learn the lawful and the unlawful – they say: The beliefs, statements and actions we have taken and inherited from our predecessors is enough for us. How could this be enough for them when their predecessors did not know anything and were not guided to the truth? Only the person who is more ignorant and misguided than them follows them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

, that this is mendacity, for in this they have [merely] followed the example of their forefathers. [5:104] And when it is said to them, ‘Come to what God has revealed and to the Messenger’, that is, to His ruling concerning the permitting of what you have forbidden, they say, ‘What we have found our fathers following suffices us’, in the way of religion and laws. God, exalted be He, says: What, does that suffice them, even if their fathers knew nothing and were not guided?, to any truth (the interrogative is meant as a disavowal).

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

105. O you who faith in Allah, follow His Messenger and practise His laws, you are only responsible for your own souls, so only do that which benefits them. Those people who are misguided, and who do not respond to you, will not harm you if you are on the right path. Being on the right path includes encouraging good and forbidding evil. On the Day of Rising, all of you will return to Allah only and He will tell you about what you used to do in the world and repay your actions.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

athers knew nothing and were not guided?, to any truth (the interrogative is meant as a disavowal). [5:105] O you who believe, you are responsible for your own souls, in other words, preserve them and do what is in their bes't interest; he who is aStray cannot hurt you, if you are rightly guided: it is said that this means, ‘None of those misguided ones from among the People of the Scripture can hurt you; it is also said to mean others, on the basis of the [following] hadith of Abu Tha'laba al-Khushanl: 6 ‘I asked the Messenger of God (s) about it [this verse] and he said, “Enjoin one oth…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

106. O you who faith in Allah, follow His Messenger and practise His laws, when death approaches any of you, with the appearance its signs, then call to witness the bequest two upright Muslim men, or two men from the disbelievers (if the need arises due to there being no Muslims; for example, if you are travelling at that time). If there is any doubt regarding their testimony, keep them back after one of the prayers and let them both take an oath in Allah’s name saying, ‘We will not sell our share from Allah for any amount, such as by preferring a relative.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

shall return, all together, and He will inform you of what you used to do, and requite you for it. [5:106] O you who believe, let testimony between you, when death, that is, [one of] its causes, draws near to one of you, at the time of a bequeSt, be that of two men of justice among you (ithndni dhawa ‘adlin minkum, ‘two men of justice among you’, is the predicate expressed with the sense of an imperative, in other words, ‘let [two men] bear witness ...…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

107. If, after the oath is taken, it is established that the witnesses lied in their testimony or in the oath, then let two others who are closest to the deceased take an oath on the truth in their place. These new witnesses should take an oath by Allah saying, ‘Our testimony about their lying and deceit is closer to the truth than their testimony about their honesty and trustworthiness. We have not taken a false oath. If we do so, we will be from the wrongdoers who overstep Allah’s limits’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

has commanded us [to give], for then, if we were to hide it, we woidd surely be among the sinful’. [5:107] But if it be discovered, [if] it be ascertained after they have sworn their oaths, that both of them have merited [the suspicion of] sin, that is, that they have done something to incur it, in the way of a breach of faith or perjury in the testimony; for example, if what they are accused of is found with them and then they claim that they had bought it from the deceased or that he had bequeathed it to them, then two others shall take their place, so that the oaths are to be taken fro…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

108. These various oaths to be taken by the witnesses after the prayer (when you doubt their testimony) and the rejection of their testimony increases the likelihood that they will testify in the way required by the sacred law, without them distorting the facts deceitfully. Witnesses are more likely to give true testimony for fear that they will be disgraced if the heirs give conflicting testimony. Be mindful of Allah by not lying or being deceitful in your testimony and oath. Listen to what you are instructed to do and obey. Allah does not guide those who go against Him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

e died, they took the bowl [and sold it] and then gave what remained [of that money] to his family. [5:108] That, ruling mentioned, where the oath devolves to the inheritors, [makes it] likelier, brings closer [the eventuality], that they, the witnesses or the trustees, will bear the testimony in its true form, [the form] in which they have been charged to bear it, without distortion or breach of faith, or, it is likelier, that they will be afraid that after their oaths other oaths may be taken, from the inheritors, the

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

109. Remember, O people, the Day of Rising when Allah will gather all the messengers and ask them how their communities had responded to them? They will assign the answer to that question to Allah and say, ‘I have no knowledge. You have all knowledge, our Lord. You are the only one Who knows all things that are present or absent’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

e, those rebelling against obedience to Him; [He does not guide the wicked] to the way of goodness. [5:109] Mention, the day when God shall gather the messengers, which is the Day of Resurrection, and He will say, to them, as a rebuke for their peoples: ‘What answer were you given?’, when you summoned [them] to proclaim God’s Oneness; they shall say, ‘We have no knowledge, of this; You, only You, are the Knower of things unseen’, those things which are hidden from [God’s] servants and that which they [the messengers] have forgotten all knowledge of on account of the great terror of the Da…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

110. Remember when Allah addressed Jesus (peace be upon him) and told him to remember Allah’s favour to him when He created him without a father; to his mother, Mary (peace be upon her), when He chose her over all the women of her time; and upon him when He strengthened him with Gabriel (peace be upon him.). Allah told him that he used to speak to people as a baby, calling them to Allah; and that he used to speak to them in his adulthood, telling them what Allah had sent him with.…

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

r fright; but when they have calmed down, they [proceed to] bear witness against their communities. [5:110] Mention, when God said, ‘O Jesus, son of Mary, remember My favour to you and to your mother, be thankful for it; when I Strengthened you with the Holy Spirit, Gabriel, to Speak to people ( tukallimu’l- nasa is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the [suffixed pronoun] kaf in ayyadtu-ka ) in the cradle, that is, as a child, and in maturity — this implies that he will descend before the Hour, since he was raised up [to God] before middle age, as has already been mentioned in [sura…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

111. Another favour that Allah reminded him about was that Allah created assistants for him when He inspired the disciples to have faith in Him and in Jesus. They submitted to that and responded saying, ‘I believe. Be a witness, O our Lord, that we submit to You in devotion’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

orcery’] has sahirun, ‘sorcerer’, in other words, [he] Jesus [is nothing but a manifest sorcerer]). [5:111] And when I revealed to the disciples, [when] I commanded them by the tongue of Jesus: “Believein Me and in My Messenger”, Jesus; they said, “We believe, in both; bear witness that we have submitted”.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

112. Remember when the disciples said, ‘Can you call on your Lord to send down a table from the sky?’ Jesus (peace be upon him) responded to them by telling them to be mindful of Allah and not to ask for such a thing, as it may prove to be a trial for them. He said to them, ‘Place your trust in your Lord in seeking provision, if you are truly believers’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

113. The disciples said to Jesus, ‘We want to eat from this table, so that our hearts are satisfied about Allah’s perfect power and that you are His Messenger: to know for certain that you have told us the truth about what you have brought from Allah and to be witnesses to it for those people who are not present’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

om the heaven?’ He, Jesus, said, to them: ‘Fear God, when you request signs, if you are believers’. [5:113] They said, ‘We desire, to request this in order, to eat of it and that our hearts be reassured, through increased certainty, and that we may know, that we may acquire more awareness [of the fadt], that you ( annaka is softened to an) have Spoken truthfully to us, in your claim to prophethood, and that we may be among the witnesses thereof’.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

114. Jesus gave in to their request and prayed to Allah saying, ‘Our Lord, send down to us a table of food, so that we can hold a festival on the day it comes down in order to honour You out of gratitude. It will also be a sign and proof of Your Oneness and of the truth of what I have been sent with. Give us such provision that will help us worship You. You, O our Lord, are the best provider’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

en truthfully to us, in your claim to prophethood, and that we may be among the witnesses thereof’. [5:114] Jesus, son of Mary, said: ‘O God, our Lord, send down upon us a Table from the heaven, that it shall be, that is, the day of its sending down [shall be], a celebration for us, which we shall consecrate and honour, for the firSt ( li-awwalina is an inclusive substitution for land, ‘for us’, with the repetition of the [oblique] preposition [li-]) and the laSt of us, those who will come after us, and a sign from You, of Your power and my prophethood.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

115. Allah answered the prayer of Jesus (peace be upon him) and said that He would send down the table that they had requested. He also told him that if anyone disbelieves after the table is sent down then they should blame only themselves, and that Allah will punish them with a severe punishment, unlike any other: due to them seeing an overwhelming proof and any denial being the result of stubbornness. Allah fulfilled His promise and sent down the table to them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rom You, of Your power and my prophethood. And provide, it, for us; You are the BeSl of Providers’. [5:115] God said, granting his supplication: ‘Verily I shall send it down (read munziluha or munazziluhd) to you; but whoever of you disbelieves afterward, after it has been sent down, I shall surely chaStise him with a chastisement wherewith I chaStise no other being from among all the worlds’: and so the angels descended with it from heaven, on it were seven loaves and seven large fish, and so they ate of it until they were full, as related by Ibn ‘Abbas.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

116. Remember that Allah will address Jesus son of Mary (peace be with him) on the Day of Rising and ask him whether he told people to worship him and his mother besides Allah. Jesus will reply, declaring Allah’s purity, ‘It was not right for me to tell them anything but the truth. If I had said that You would know it, because nothing is hidden from You. You know what I keep hidden within myself, but I do not know what is with You. You are the only one who knows everything that is hidden and everything that is apparent’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

but they were and they Stored some of it, and were [consequently] transformed into apes and swine. [5:116] And, mention, when God says, that is, when God will say, to Jesus at the Resurrection in rebuke

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

117. Jesus will say to His Lord, ‘I only told people what you instructed me to tell them: to worship You alone. For as long as I remained amongst them I watched over what they were saying. When my term ended and I was raised to the sky alive, You, O Lord, were watching their actions. You are a witness to everything and nothing is hidden from You; so You know what I said to them and what they said after me’.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

in Your Self, that is, what You keep hidden of Your knowledge: You are the Knower of things unseen. [5:117] I only said to them that which You commanded me, to [say], and that is: “Worship God, my Lord and your Lord.” And I was a witness, a watcher, over them, preventing them from [saying] what they used to say, whilst I was amongst them; but when You took me [to You], [when] You raised me up to the heaven, You were Yourself the Watcher over them, the Observer of their deeds, and You Yourself are Witness over all things.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

118. If you punish them, O Lord, they are your servants and You can do with them as You wish. If You graciously forgive those of them who had faith, nothing can stop You from doing so because You are the Mighty, Who cannot be overpowered, and the Wise in Your handling of matters.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

are and knowing them, including what I said to them and what they said after me, and whatever else. [5:118] If you chastise them, that is, those among them who are fixed upon disbelief, verily they are Your servants, and You are their MaSter, disposing of them as You will: there can be no objection to [what] You [do]; and if You forgive them, that is, those of them who are believers, You, only You, are the Mighty, in His affair, the Wise’, in His adtions.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

119. Allah will say to Jesus (peace be with him) that the Day of Rising is a day on which the truthfulness of those who were true in their intentions, statements and actions will be of benefit to them. They will receive gardens with palaces and trees overlooking flowing streams, in which they will live eternally, with death never coming to them. Allah will be pleased with them and will never become angry with them. They will pleased with Allah because of the everlasting delight they have received. Such reward and pleasure is the supreme success, which cannot be equalled by any other.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

of them who are believers, You, only You, are the Mighty, in His affair, the Wise’, in His adtions. [5:119] God says, ‘This, namely, the Day of Resurrection, is the day those who were truthful, in the world, like Jesus, shall profit by their truthfidness, because this is the Day of Requital. Theirs will be Gar¬ dens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they shall abide forever. God is well-pleased with them, because of their obedience to Him, and they are well-pleased with Him, with His reward — that is the great triumph’.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

120. Allah alone controls the heavens and the earth, and everything within them. He is their Creator and the One Who handles their affairs. He has power over everything and nothing can overpower Him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

Day, juSt as [it shall not avail] the disbelievers when they believe upon seeing the chastisement. [5:120] To God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and of the earth, the Storehouses of rain, vegetation, sustenance and everything else, and all that is in them (wa-ma fihinna: the use of ma, ‘that’, indicates the predominance of all those non-rational creations); and He has power over all things, including the rewarding of the truthful and the punishing of the liar — He is Specifically addressing rational beings, for there is none among them with power over all things. [Consists of] 165 ve…