Al-Haqqah

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

1. Allah mentions the hour or resurrection that will occur on everyone.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

jinn, and cannot be the cause of any dementia. In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful: [69:1] The Reality, the Resurrection in which is realised [the truth of] all that was rejected in the way of the raising [from the graves], the reckoning and the requital, or [it means the Resurrection] which will manifest all of that. [69:2] What is the Reality? ( ma’l-haqqa: [an interrogative] to emphasise its enormity; this is the subject as well as the predicate of [the previous] al-hdqqa, ‘the Reality’).

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

2. Then He enhances its importance by asking this question: ‘What is al-Ḥāq-qah?’

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

3. Has anyone taught you about this al-Ḥāq-qah?

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

enormity; this is the subject as well as the predicate of [the previous] al-hdqqa, ‘the Reality’). [69:3] And how would you know what the Reality is? ([repeated as] an extra emphasis of its enormity; the firSt ma [of the previous verse] is the subject, the second one, its predicate; the second ma and its predicate also function as the second direct object of [the verb] ‘knowing’). [69:4] Thamud and c Ad denied the Clatterer, the Resurrection, because its terrors cause the hearts to clatter. [69:5] As for Thamud, they were destroyed by the [overwhelming] Roar, an excessively severe cry.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

4. The Thamūd, the people of Saleh, and the ‘Ād, the people of Hud all denied the Day of Judgement that will strike the people with its severe horrors.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ma and its predicate also function as the second direct object of [the verb] ‘knowing’). [69:4] Thamud and c Ad denied the Clatterer, the Resurrection, because its terrors cause the hearts to clatter. [69:5] As for Thamud, they were destroyed by the [overwhelming] Roar, an excessively severe cry. [69:6] And as for c Ad, they were destroyed by a deafening, intensely clamorous, violent wind, [that was] powerful and severe [in its assault] upon ‘Ad, depute their power and might.

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

5. As for the Thamūd, Allah destroyed them with a scream that reached the height of severity and horror.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

6. As for the ‘Ād, Allah destroyed them with a severely cold, relentless wind that reached the height of harshness upon them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

7. Allah released it upon them for seven nights and eight days, destroying them all. You would have seen the people destroyed in their homes, thrown onto the ground by the wind; as if they were the decomposed trunks of date palms fallen to the ground.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

olent wind, [that was] powerful and severe [in its assault] upon ‘Ad, depute their power and might. [69:7] He forced it upon them for seven nights and eight days, the first of which was the morning of Wednesday, eight days before the end of [the month of] Shawwal, and this was at the height of winter, successively, one after the next ( husuman: it [the action of the wind] is likened to the repeated actions of a hdsim, ‘one cauterizing a wound’, time and again until it [the blood] has been cut off, inhsama ) so that you might have seen the people therein lying prostrate, lying dead on the…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

8. Do you see anyone of them remaining, after the punishment that afflicted them?

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

g prostrate, lying dead on the ground, as if they were the hollow, collapsed, trunks of palm-trees. [69:8] So do you see any remnant of them? (min bdqiyatin: this is either the adjectival qualification of an implicit nafs, ‘soul’, or the [final suffixed] ta is for hyperbole, in other words [understand it as fa-hal tara lahum] min baqin, ‘any one remaining?’ No!). [69:9] And Pharaoh and those of his followers (man qibalahu: a variant reading has man qablahu, that is to say, those disbelieving communities who came before him) and the Deviant [cities], that is, their inhabitants — these bei…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

9. Pharaoh and the nations before him, and the communities that were punished by being turned upside down i.e. the people of Lot, all committed wrong acts in ascribing partners with Allah and sins.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

10. Each of them disobeyed their Messengers who were sent to them and rejected them, so Allah seized them with a seizing that exceeded the force required to destroy them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ng the cities of the people of Lot — brought iniquity, [they committed] deeds that were iniquitous. [69:10] Then they disobeyed the messenger of their Lord, namely. Lot and others, so He seized them with a devastating blow, one surpassing others in its severity. [69:11] Truly when the waters rose high, [when] they rose above all things including mountains and otherwise at the time of the Flood, We carried you, meaning, your forefathers, you being in their loins, in the sailing vessel, the ark which Noah built and by which he and those with him were saved while all the others drowned,

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

11. Indeed, when the water exceeded its limit in rising, I carried those of you who were in their backs on the ark that floated and which Noah (peace be upon him) built upon My command. So in effect, I carried you.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

12. So that I could let the ark and its tale become a lesson through which proof of the destruction of the people of disbelief could be taken, together with the saving of the people of faith, and so attentive ears could take heed.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

he ark which Noah built and by which he and those with him were saved while all the others drowned, [69:12] so that We might make it, namely, this aCt, the saving of the believers and the destruction of the disbelievers, a reminder, a lesson, for you and that receptive ears, [ears] which remember what they hear, might remember it. [69:13] Thus when the Trumpet is blown with a single blaSt, to [announce] the passing of judgement upon all creatures — this being the second [blaSt] — [69:14] and the earth and the mountains are lifted and levelled with a single levelling, [69:15] then, on th…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

13. So when the appointed angel will blow into the trumpet once, being the second blowing.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

14. And the earth and mountains are raised, then crushed with one severe blow, the earth and its mountains will turn to pieces.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

15. On the day when all that happens, the Day of Judgement will occur.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

16. And the sky will crack open on that day because of the angels descending from it. So on that day it will be weak, whereas it was once solid and unyielding.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ll take place, [69:16] and the heaven will be rent asunder —for it will be very frail on that day — [69:17] and the angels will be [all] over its borders, the edges of the heavens, and above them — the an¬ gels that have been mentioned — on that day eight, angels or [eight] files of them, will carry the Throne of your Lord. [69:18] On that day you will be exposed, before the Reckoning. No hidden thing of yours, in the way of secrets, will remain hidden (read [feminine person] takhfd or [masculine person] yakhfa).

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

17. The angels will be on its edges and corners. Eight elite angels will carry the throne of your Lord on that great day.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

heaven will be rent asunder —for it will be very frail on that day — [69:17] and the angels will be [all] over its borders, the edges of the heavens, and above them — the an¬ gels that have been mentioned — on that day eight, angels or [eight] files of them, will carry the Throne of your Lord. [69:18] On that day you will be exposed, before the Reckoning.…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

18. O people! On that Day, you will be exhibited for judgemen]; not hidden among you is anything concealed, rather Allah will be fully aware and watchful of it.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

19. As for the one who is given his book of deeds in his right hand, he will say out of happiness and delight, “Take and read my book of deeds!”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

he way of secrets, will remain hidden (read [feminine person] takhfd or [masculine person] yakhfa). [69:19] As for him who is given his book in his right hand, he will say, addressing those around him, on account of the joy that has come to him: ‘Here, take [and], read my book! ( kitabiyah : both haumu, ‘here [is]’, and iqra’u, ‘read’, compete for [government of] this [direct object]). [69:20] I was truly certain that I would encounter my account’. [69:21] So he will enjoy a pleasant living, [69:23] whose clusters, whose fruits, are in easy reach, nearby, reached [easily] by one who may…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

20. “Indeed, I did good deeds in the world and was convinced of being resurrected and having to meet my reward.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

: both haumu, ‘here [is]’, and iqra’u, ‘read’, compete for [government of] this [direct object]). [69:20] I was truly certain that I would encounter my account’. [69:21] So he will enjoy a pleasant living, [69:23] whose clusters, whose fruits, are in easy reach, nearby, reached [easily] by one who may be standing, or sitting or reclining. [69:24] And so it will be said to them: ‘Eat and drink in enjoyment (ham an is a circumstantial qualifier, that is to say, mutahanni’ina, ‘while you are enjoying [them]’) for what you did in advance informer days’, [in days] that have passed during the…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

21. So he will be living in a contented manner because of seeing the everlasting favours.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

22. In a Paradise elevated in position and rank.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

23. The fruits of which will be near to those intending to consume them.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

24. It will be said to them in hospitality, “Eat and drink carefree of any ill repercussions due to the good deeds you sent forth in the days passed in the world.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

s, are in easy reach, nearby, reached [easily] by one who may be standing, or sitting or reclining. [69:24] And so it will be said to them: ‘Eat and drink in enjoyment (ham an is a circumstantial qualifier, that is to say, mutahanni’ina, ‘while you are enjoying [them]’) for what you did in advance informer days’, [in days] that have passed during the [life of the] world. [69:25] But as for him who is given his book in his left hand, he will say, ‘O (yd is for calling attention [to something]) would that I had not been given my book, [69:26] and not known what my account were! [69:27] O…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

25. As for the one who will be given his book of deeds in his left hand, he will say out of extreme regret, “If only I had not been given my book of deeds, because of the evil deeds deserving punishment within it.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

26. “And if only I did not know what the result of my giving account was.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

is for calling attention [to something]) would that I had not been given my book, [69:26] and not known what my account were! [69:27] O woidd that it, namely, death in [the life of] this world, had been the [final] end, that had ter¬ minated my life, so that I am not resurrected. [69:29] My authority, my Strength, my argument, has gone from me’ (the [final] ha in kitabiyah, ‘my book’, hisdbiyah, ‘my account’, and sultaniyah, ‘my authority’, is for [consonantal] quiescence; and it is retained [when reciting] with a pause as well as without a pause, in accordance with the authoritative [ve…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

27. “If only the death I died, was the final one after which I was never resurrected.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

28. “My wealth did not protect me at all from the punishment of Allah.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

29. “My evidence has deserted me, as well as all the strength and dignity.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

this world, had been the [final] end, that had ter¬ minated my life, so that I am not resurrected. [69:29] My authority, my Strength, my argument, has gone from me’ (the [final] ha in kitabiyah, ‘my book’, hisdbiyah, ‘my account’, and sultaniyah, ‘my authority’, is for [consonantal] quiescence; and it is retained [when reciting] with a pause as well as without a pause, in accordance with the authoritative [version of the] Qur’anic text and the transmitted reports; some elide it when reciting without a pause). [69:30] ‘Seize him — addressing the keepers of Hell — then fetter him, bind his…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

30. And it will be said, “O angels! Grab him and gather his hands at his neck.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

the] Qur’anic text and the transmitted reports; some elide it when reciting without a pause). [69:30] ‘Seize him — addressing the keepers of Hell — then fetter him, bind his hands to his necks in fetters, [69:31] then admit him into Hell-fire, into the scorching Fire, [69:32] then in a chain whose length is seventy cubits — [each cubit being] that of an angel’s forearm — insert him, after admitting him into the Fire (the fa [ oifa’slukuhu ] does not prevent the verb from being semantically connected to the preceding adverbial clause). [69:33] Lo! he never believed in God the Tremendous,…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

31. “Then enter him into the hellfire so that he sees its heat.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

his hands to his necks in fetters, [69:31] then admit him into Hell-fire, into the scorching Fire, [69:32] then in a chain whose length is seventy cubits — [each cubit being] that of an angel’s forearm — insert him, after admitting him into the Fire (the fa [ oifa’slukuhu ] does not prevent the verb from being semantically connected to the preceding adverbial clause). [69:33] Lo! he never believed in God the Tremendous, [69:34] and never urged the feeding of the needy; [69:35] therefore here today he has no [loyal]friend, [no] relative to avail him, [69:36] nor any food except pus, the…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

32. “Then chain him up with a chain measuring seventy cubits in length.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

33. “Indeed, he would not believe in Allah the Great.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

34. “Neither would he encourage others to feed the poor.”

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

35. So on the Day of Judgement, he will have no relative to save him from the punishment.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

the needy; [69:35] therefore here today he has no [loyal]friend, [no] relative to avail him, [69:36] nor any food except pus, the vile excretions of the inhabitants of the Fire — or it [ghislin] may denote certain trees therein — [69:37] which none shall eat but the sinners’, the disbelievers. [69:38] So indeed (fa-la: la is extra) I swear by all that you see, of creatures, [69:39] and all that you do not see: of them, in other words, [I swear] by all creatures: [69:40] it, that is to say, the Qur’an, is indeed the speech of a noble messenger, in other words, he has 4 x)ken it as a messa…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

36. Neither will he have any food to eat except the fluid flowing from the bodies of the people of the hellfire.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

37. Only the sinners will eat from that food.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ay denote certain trees therein — [69:37] which none shall eat but the sinners’, the disbelievers. [69:38] So indeed (fa-la: la is extra) I swear by all that you see, of creatures, [69:39] and all that you do not see: of them, in other words, [I swear] by all creatures: [69:40] it, that is to say, the Qur’an, is indeed the speech of a noble messenger, in other words, he has 4 x)ken it as a message from God, exalted be He. [69:41] And it is not the speech of a poet. Little do you believe!

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

38. Allah takes an oath on whatever you see.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

39. And He also takes an oath on whatever you cannot see.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

40. That indeed, the Qur’ān is the speech of Allah, which His noble Messenger recites to the people.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

41. It is not the speech of a poet because it is not on the pattern of a poem; little do you believe!

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

message from God, exalted be He. [69:41] And it is not the speech of a poet. Little do you believe! [69:42] Nor [is it] the speech of a soothsayer. Little do you remember! (read both verbs either in the second person plural or in the third person plural; 1 the ma [preceding both verbs] is extra, intended for emphasis).…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

42. Neither is it the speech of a fortune teller because the speech of fortune tellers is different to that of this Qur’ān; little do you take heed!

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

43. Rather, it is a revelation from the Lord of all creation.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

44. And if Muhammad was to fabricate lies and attribute them to Me, which I had not said.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

45. I would definitely take forceful and due retribution from him.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

Prophet (s), fabricated any lies against Us, by communicating from Us that which We have not said, [69:45] We would have assuredly seized him. We would have exadted vengeance [againSt him], as pun¬ ishment, by the Right Hand, by [Our] Strength and power; [69:46] then We would have assuredly severed his life-artery, the aorta of the heart, a vein that connedts with it, and which if severed results in that persons death,

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

46. Then I would cut the vein connected to his heart.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

47. But none of you can protect him from Me, so it is far-fetched that he fabricates lies because of you.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

rta of the heart, a vein that connedts with it, and which if severed results in that persons death, [69:47] and not one of you (ahadin is the subjedt of ma, min being extra, used to emphasise the nega¬ tion; minkum is a circumstantial qualifier referring to ahadin) could have defended him (hajizina is the predicate of [the preceding] ma, and it is used in the plural because ahad, when employed in a negatory context, denotes a plural sense; the [suffixed] pronoun in ‘anhu refers to the Prophet), in other words, there is none to prevent Us from punishing him. [69:48] And assuredly it, that…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

48. And indeed, the Qur’ān is an admonition for those who are mindful of their Lord by fulfilling His commands and refraining from the things He has not allowed.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

49. And I know that there are definitely people among you who reject this Qur’ān.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

50. Indeed, rejection of this Qur’ān will be a means of great regret on the Day of Judgement.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

al-Maḥallī & al-Suyūṭī · 864–911 AH / 1459–1505 CE

ow that some of you, O people, are deniers, of the Qur’an, and [some of you are] believers [in it]. [69:50] And assuredly it, that is, the Qur’an, is a [cause of] anguish for the disbelievers, when they see the reward of those who affirmed its truth and the punishment of those who denied it. [69:51] And assuredly it, that is, the Qur’an, is the certain truth. [69:52] So glorify, exalt as transcendent, the Name ( bi’smi: the ba [bi-] is extra) of your Lord, the Tre¬ mendous: glory be to Him. 1 Thus: tu minima or yu minima and tadhakkaruna or yadhdhakkaruna. In the Name of God, the Compas…

Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

51. Indeed, the Qur’ān is the certain truth: there is no doubt and dispute that it is from Allah.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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Al-Mukhtasar

Tafsīr Center for Qur'anic Studies · Contemporary

52. O Messenger! So proclaim the purity of you Lord of whatever is not befitting of Him, and remember His great name.

Tafsir al-Jalalayn

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